The world richest people that you know.
#1 William Gates III
© Scott Gries/Getty Images |
Country Of Citizenship: United States
Residence: Medina, Washington, United States, North America
Industry: Software
Marital Status: married, 3 children
Harvard University, Drop Out
Microsoft's chief visionary moving further away from day-to-day corporate work. For the first time did not offer a strategy outlook at last year's financial analyst meeting. Instead, prefers to dive into innovative projects, foster collaboration among Microsoft's many divisions. Microsoft aims to be omnipotent, selling software for PCs, servers, cell phones, television set-top boxes, gaming consoles, the Web. At the ripe (tech sector) age of 30, Gates' company impressively beats rivals in profit margins, market capitalization and R&D budget, but its sales growth is slowing to a (recently) single-digit percentage pace. Like elder statesman of computing, IBM, has been investing heavily in its own stock. Diversifies methodically, selling 20 million shares every quarter, reinvesting through Cascade Investment. Big stakes in Canadian National Railway, Republic Services, Berkshire Hathaway. Philanthropy, via $29 billion Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, aimed at fighting infectious disease (hepatitis B, AIDS, malaria) and improving high schools.#2 Warren Buffett
© Eric Francis/Bloomberg News/Landov |
Country Of Citizenship: United States
Residence: Omaha, Nebraska, United States, North America
Industry: Investments
Marital Status: widowed, 3 children
University of Nebraska Lincoln, Bachelor of Arts / Science
Columbia University, Master of Science
Revered investor took it on the chin over Berkshire Hathaway's General Re insurance unit; SEC threatened civil fraud suit against General Re Chief Joseph Brandon over questionable transaction with American International Group. Also got it for his board seat at Coca-Cola, where his "independence" might be compromised by Berkshire's ownership of Dairy Queen, which buys lots of Coke products. Buffett: "Do they want us to favor Pepsi?" At Berkshire set in place two governance reforms: regular meetings of directors without Buffett present; whistleblower line for employees. Sitting on $43 billion in cash, hoped to make some big acquisitions last year, "but I struck out." Instead, invested in foreign currencies: $21 billion bet against the dollar and in favor of various other currencies. "In no way does our thinking about currencies rest on doubts about America." Newspaper delivery boy filed first 1040 at age 13; claimed $35 deduction for bicycle. Studied under Benjamin Graham at Columbia. Applied value-investing principles to build Berkshire Hathaway. Portfolio includes utilities (MidAmerican Energy Holdings), insurance (Geico, General Re), apparel (Fruit of the Loom), flight services (FlightSafety, NetJets). Also chunks of American Express, Coca-Cola, Gillette, Wells Fargo. Instructs managers to run a business as if it's the only asset the manager's family will own over the next 100 years. Prefers his investors to buy equities only after careful analysis. "If they insist on trying to time their participation in equities, they should try to be fearful when others are greedy and greedy only when others are fearful." Says he underestimated the severity of certain stocks' overvaluation during the tech bubble. "I talked when I should have walked." No matter. Since taking control of Berkshire 40 years ago, has delivered compound annual return of 22%. "No wonder we tap-dance to work."#6 Paul Allen
© Getty Images |
Country Of Citizenship: United States
Residence: Seattle, Washington, United States, North America
Industry: Software
Marital Status: single, no children
Washington State University, Drop Out
Microsoft cofounder, "wired world" proponent lately finding more promise in pipes delivering oil instead of information. Bought energy outfit Plains Resources for $460 million, controlling stake in Plains All American Pipeline, operator of 15,000 miles of oil pipelines. Through Vulcan Energy unit, paid $250 million for natural gas storage business from Sempra Energy. Hasn't given up entirely on the future. Still maintains dozens of investments in media (Charter Communications), technology (set-top box manufacturer Digeo), biotech. Ten-year-old investment in wannabe Hollywood studio DreamWorks finally showing some returns after company took its animation unit public but planned secondary offering of mostly Allen shares postponed for now. Owner of pro football's Seattle Seahawks took team to its first Super Bowl in February, lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers. Other pursuits in space (funded SpaceShipOne, first to launch private flight into suborbital space), the open seas (413-foot yacht Octopus armed with 2 helicopters and a 60-foot submarine). His Paul G. Allen Family Foundation has donated heavily to education, art and science causes. Joined buddy Bill Gates in 1975, left the company in 1983 to fight Hodgkin's disease. Has been slowly selling off Microsoft stake ever since.#10 Li Ka-shing
© AP Photo |
Country Of Citizenship: Hong Kong
Residence: Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Asia & Australia
Industry: Diversified
Marital Status: widowed, 2 children
High School, Drop Out
Asia's richest and most influential investor's fortune is centered on conglomerates Cheung Kong and Hutchison Whampoa. Real estate developer, cell phone provider, retailer, major supplier of electricity to Hong Kong and the world's largest operator of container terminals. In June donated $180 million to University of Hong Kong; $40 million to University of California, Berkeley. Son Victor helps father run his massive empire, son Richard struck out on own in early 1990s.
#12 Michael Dell
© Steve Marcus /Landov |
Country Of Citizenship: United States
Residence: Austin, Texas, United States, North America
Industry: Technology
Marital Status: married, 4 children
University of Texas Austin, Drop Out
Founder, former chief executive of world's largest PC maker feeling tremors at the top. Even though second-quarter revenue spiked up 15% last year to $13.5 billion, stock sank 13%, biggest dip in almost 4 years. Soft-spoken Texan started selling computers from University of Texas dorm room 1984; dropped out to start Dell Computer. Went public in 1988, grew fast with direct-sales model, kept R&D costs low. Ironfisted chief info officer Randall Mott led charge to trim spending; swiped by rival HP in July. Steady seller of Dell stock, pumps cash into private investment firm MSD Capital. Assets include 377-room Four Seasons Resort Maui in Wailea, Hawaii; stakes in IHOP, NorthWestern, Indiana restaurant chain Steak n Shake. Devoted Republican sits on U.S. President's Council of Advisors on Science & Technology. Wife, Susan, created fashion label Phi, sells through Neiman Marcus.
#140 Steven Jobs
© Getty Images |
Country Of Citizenship: United States
Residence: Palo Alto, California, United States, North America
Industry: Technology
Marital Status: married, 4 children
Reed College, Drop Out
Apple icon riding high on iPod —Apple shares are up 70% in the past year—and his animation hit factory Pixar, which he agreed to sell to Disney for $7.4 billion. Music execs who grumble that Apple sells lots of iPods but not much music may have to change their tune: company's iTunes site now selling 3 million songs a day, accounting for 83% of the downloadable music sold opn the Internet. Now mobile phone carriers take aim at Apple, planning their own MP3 services, but Jobs trumps them with new iTunes-branded Motorola phone. Business equally rosy in Hollywood. Movies by animation powerhouse Pixar (Toy Story, Finding Nemo, The Incredibles) grossed $3.2 billion at worldwide box office. Underwent surgery for pancreatic cancer August 2004; back at work after a month.
#562 Oprah Winfrey
© Getty Images |
Country Of Citizenship: United States
Residence: Chicago, Illinois, United States, North America
Industry: Media/Entertainment
Marital Status: single, no children
Tennessee State University, Bachelor of Arts / Science
Queen of all media wrapping up her second decade ruling the airwaves. Born in rural Mississippi. Moved to Milwaukee, then Tennessee. Became TV newscaster in Nashville and Baltimore; emotional, ad-lib delivery prompted shift to talk format. Joined Chicago TV station; turned third-rated morning show into number 1. Launched The Oprah Winfrey Show nationally in 1986. Owns property in Chicago, Hawaii, Santa Barbara. Gives to needy women, children and families via Oprah's Angel Network and her personal charity, the Oprah Winfrey Foundation.
Some one you may interest
California Rich Guy List
| 194 | George Lucas | 60 | 3.0 | United States | United States , CA , Marin County |
| 228 | Jerry Yang | 36 | 2.6 | United States | United States , CA , Los Altos |
| 219 | Steven Spielberg | 58 | 2.7 | United States | United States , CA , Pacific Palisades |
| 210 | Ralph Lauren | 65 | 2.8 | United States | United States , NY , New York |
| 228 | Donald Trump | 59 | 2.6 | United States | United States , NY , New York |
Top 3 in China
#451 Larry Rong Zhijian
© ImagineChina |
Country Of Citizenship: China
Residence: Shanghai, China, Asia & Australia
Industry: Diversified
Marital Status: married, 3 children
Member of one of China's most powerful business families, which has been prominent for decades. His father, Rong Yiren, who died in October 2005, played a critical role in opening up China to the world through his China International Trust & Investment Corp. after Deng Xiaoping launched the country's reforms. Larry Rong worked in China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs for 14 years before moving to Hong Kong to set up Citic Pacific. He has turned the company into one of China's most successful conglomerates with investments in steel, property and power. Citic Pacific owns 26% of Cathay Pacific Airways and is a partner of Wal-Mart in the Shanghai area.#451 Wong Kwong Yu
© ImagineChina |
Country Of Citizenship: China
Residence: Beijing, China, Asia & Australia
Industry: Retailing
Marital Status: married, 2 children
China's king of appliance retailing. At age 17 Wong moved to Beijing where he worked as a trader. In 1987 he opened his first appliance store. Today his Gome chain has more than 100CK locations; thriving thanks to up-and-coming middle-class shoppers. A backdoor listing of his appliance retailer Gome Electrical Appliances in 2004 made him a billionaire. Besides retailing, he has property interests in Beijing.#606 Liu Yongxing
© ImagineChina |
Country Of Citizenship: China
Residence: Chengdu, China, Asia & Australia
Industry: Agriculture
Marital Status: married, 1 child
Part of the Liu family, four brothers who made their initial fortune in the feed industry starting in the 1980s, when Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms were taking route in the countryside. Liu Yongxing's East Hope is still one of the country's largest feed suppliers but has diversified into aluminum and invested in financial institutions.
Richest Women
#28 Abigail Johnson
© Neal Hamberg/Bloomberg News /Landov |
Country Of Citizenship: United States
Residence: Boston, Massachusetts, United States, North America
Industry: Finance
Marital Status: married, 2 children
William Smith College, Bachelor of Arts / Science
Harvard University, Master of Business Administration
With family, controls Fidelity Investments, America's largest mutual fund company. Firm founded by grandfather 1946. Frugal father, Edward III (see), joined company as an analyst in 1957, took reins of flagship Magellan Fund 4 years later. "Abby" studied art history at Hobart and William Smith Colleges. Spent 2 years at Booz Allen Hamilton after graduating in 1984. Interned at Fidelity while pursuing Harvard M.B.A. Returned full-time 1988, tracked industrial equipment stocks, then telecom. Ran her first diversified fund 1993, became president of company's mutual fund division 2001. Avoided taint of corruption during 2003 scandal; kept money managers from market timing, picked up $31 billion in fund assets during first 6 months as competitors Janus Capital, Strong Capital Management, Bank One withered. Last May took over Employer Services division; administers payroll, employee stock plans. Father reduced ownership in 1995; Johnson family still FMR's largest shareholder with a 49% stake.
Asia Richest Women
#154 Nina Wang
© AFP/Getty Images |
Country Of Citizenship: Hong Kong
Residence: Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Asia & Australia
Industry: Real Estate
Marital Status: widowed, no children
Asia's richest woman breathing a big sigh of relief: In December the widow of Teddy Wang was given full control over his estate, including real estate giant Chinachem, after a eight-year legal battle with father-in-law Wang Din-shin. Wang had been accused of forging her husband's will after his 1990 disappearance. She was cleared of all charges in September by Hong Kong's Final Court of Appeal. Notoriously frugal and paranoid, the often-pigtailed Nina said to spend less than $650 a month and travel with a platoon of 50 bodyguards.Youngest One
#410 Albert von Thurn und Taxis
© Schneider Press/Sipa Press |
Country Of Citizenship: Germany
Residence: Regensburg, Germany, Europe & Russia
Industry: Diversified
Marital Status: single, no children
The youngest man on Forbes Billionaires list. This prince inherited a fortune on his eighteenth birthday in June 2001. His assets include extensive real estate holdings, a valuable art collection and a tech company. His 30,000 hectares of woodland in Germany is considered one of the largest forestry holdings in Europe. Lives in one of the family's castles, Schloss Emmeram, with his mother Gloria and older sisters Maria Theresia and Elisabeth.[ add comment ] | permalink | related link |
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吕后在历史上算是个出了名的人，至今仍有许多人一提到吕后的狠毒和权变就心悸。
然而早年的吕后并不如此，还称得上贤惠的女人，她为了刘邦历尽艰辛，九死一生。
她嫁给刘邦的时候，刘邦只是沛县的一个泅水亭长，亭长也就相当今天的派出所长。
吕后的父亲过生日，吕后的父亲是沛县县令的好朋友，刘邦拍马屁，当然要去祝寿，刘
邦没有什么钱，但他脸皮厚，胆子大，居然虚报一笔礼品就堂而皇之人席。这事是少见
的，吕后父亲知道后，本是带些怒气出来瞧瞧，一见却大吃一惊，因为吕后的父亲精于
相人之术，刘邦隆准龙颜，有天日之表，他一眼就看出来了，当机立断，不顾妻子的反
对，把爱女嫁给了芝麻绿豆般的小官刘邦。
刘邦将吕后娶过来之后，时常为了公务以及与朋友们周旋，三天两头不见人影，织
布耕田，烧饭洗衣，孝顺父母及养育儿女的责任，都一骨脑儿地落在吕后一人身上。
早年的刘邦可说有些无赖，常戴一顶自制的竹帽到处闲逛，骗吃骗喝，一次押解囚
犯，因自己酒醉而使囚犯逃跑，自己也只好亡命芒荡山下的沼泽地区。贤惠的吕后除独
立支撑家庭外，还不时长途跋涉，为丈夫馈送衣物及食品。据说刘邦匿居的地方，时常
有一片云气笼罩，吕后追踪而至，便一定能够找到刘邦。
秦末天下大乱，刘邦率众进人沛县被拥立为沛公，吕后当时也水涨船高，被尊称为
吕夫人，等到刘邦攻入咸阳，被西楚霸王项羽立为汉王，吕后又晋级成了王妃。
但吕后并没有因此过上舒适的日子，在接下来刘邦和项羽打得天昏地暗的楚汉战争
中，吕后成了项羽的俘虏，甚至在项羽把吕后押到两军阵前，以烹杀吕后威胁刘邦时，
刘邦居然笑嘻嘻地说，你爱杀就杀，悉听尊便。善良一点的不妨把这理解为刘大侠的
一种策略，不过，当初在逃难时为了减轻重量，刘邦亲手把自己的孩子推下车去交给死
神，可知这也是他的真心话。作为他身边的女人，真是一盆冰水泼过来，从头冻到脚呀
，死的心都有了。在四年的楚汉战争中，吕后一直被囚在楚军之中作人质，受尽了折磨
和凌辱，挣扎在生死边缘，使其心理和精神受到了严重打击，也造成了以后多疑与缺乏
安全感的后遗症，变成心地狭隘，紧张恐怖，阴狠毒辣，以及凡事先下手为强的性情和
办事手法。
及至楚、汉罢兵言和，以鸿沟为界平分天下，项羽才将吕后归还刘邦，对吕后来讲，
真是恍如隔世。
后来刘邦毁约，重挑衅端，最终在垓下之战中打败项羽，统一宇内，刘邦当上皇帝，
吕后就顺理成章地当上了皇后。
汉高祖刘邦长年在外征战，随军帐幕中自然不乏红粉佳人，这也是他与项羽的一点
不同之处，项羽是只钟情于虞姬。在这些红粉佳人中，共有薄姬，戚姬，曹姬等多人。
一个人既然贵为天子，富有四海，多几个女人侍候，似乎也是理所当然的事，吕后也明
白这个道理。那么是什么使吕后变成一个阴险狠毒的人呢？除了前面提到的战俘生活外，
主要还是权势害人，在最高权力中心——皇宫，权力之争常常是你死我活的，你即使不
想做，形势也逼迫你做，更何况吕后本身就是一个权力欲十分强烈的女人。
一切都好说，但一旦发生实质的利害冲突，甚至影响到未来的安全问题时，吕后便
感到如坐针毡，日夜不安。
最大的问题出在戚姬身上，戚姬身材修长，气质高华，在定陶与刘邦相遇，自此两
人情投意合，成了一对誓同生死的烽火鸳鸯。戚姬的儿子叫如意，言谈举止都有刘邦的
风范，刘邦对他十分钟爱，加上戚姬的枕边进言，吕后儿子刘盈的怯懦不讨刘邦喜欢，
刘邦大有废掉刘盈的太子头衔，另立刘如意来继承自己衣钵的可能。这件事的态势在不
断发展，吕后整天胆颤心惊，眼看戚姬先是夺走丈夫的爱，如今又要攫取太子的位置，
一个是情仇，一个是政敌，她必须反击，但也必须小心翼翼。
汉代定鼎以来，千方百计想要罗致德高望重的“商山四皓”，来为治理国家出谋划
策，但“商山四皓”听说刘邦不太重视儒生，言语之间又喜欢不干不净地骂人，所以始
终不肯应合。
所谓“商山四皓”就是商山之中的四位隐士，名叫东园公，绮里季，夏黄公，用里。
这四位饱学之士先后为避秦乱而结茅山林。商山在今陕西商县东南，林壑幽美，云蒸霞
蔚，地势险峻，是一个隐居的好地方。
为了巩固儿子的太子地位，吕后求计于张良。经过张良的穿针引线，刘邦都没有请
动的“商山四皓”被太子刘盈和吕后的诚心感动，答应出山，作太子的宾客。经过这四
位长者的教导及潜移默化，刘盈的修养和见识大有长进。
一天，宫中大排筵席，四位须发皆白的长者，肃立在太子刘盈身后，等到汉高祖得
知他们就是“商山四皓”时，便知道太子已不可废。他知道连自己都请不动的“商山四
皓”都已成为太子的宾客，看来太子羽翼已成，当刘邦回到后宫把这一消息告诉戚姬时，
戚姬立即泪流满面，戚姬为排谴心中的悲痛和不安，悲歌一曲，希望能在今后的生活中
得到保证，刘邦无言以对，也只能用一曲悲歌诉说无奈。
这次吕后在张良的帮助下，取得意外的胜利，连雄才大略的刘邦也一筹莫展。
巩固了太子的地位，吕后接着就是要树立自己的威望，吕后在树立威望中做得最出
名的一件事就是杀了韩信，把自己的威望建立在韩信的人头上，使群臣慑服。
汉初三杰，运筹帷幄之中，决胜千里之外的张良，在汉朝建立后就过上半隐居生活，
已不构成威胁；抚百姓，致稼稻使国富民强的萧何不是那种争天下的人，而且在政权建
立后是急需的发展生产的人才。只有领兵多多益善，攻城夺隘，出奇制胜的韩信，始终
是刘邦放心不下的，更何况韩信当年在楚汉之争中，在刘邦最危急的时刻，要挟过刘邦
封王。
汉高祖刘邦登上皇帝宝座之后，一般与他一同打天下的功臣，仍然举止粗豪，不顾
礼法，甚至醉后拔剑起舞，砍去殿柱，闹得不成体统，直到经过叔孙通订定朝仪，朝廷
之上才算有了规矩，据说汉高祖刘邦当时由衷地说道：今天才知道当皇帝的滋味。但一
班自传功高盖世的将帅仍有不臣之心，汉高祖厉行打击，首当其冲的便是令刘邦深心不
安的韩信，他首先把韩信由齐王改封为楚王，又由楚王贬为淮阴侯，又用陈平的计谋捉
住韩信，废为平民，但汉高祖刘邦一直没有杀韩信，因为高祖曾与韩信有约：见天不杀，
见地不杀，见铁器不杀。吕后就偏偏把刘邦都不杀的韩信，用布兜起来，用竹签刺死，
杀他过不见天，不见地，不见铁器。司马迁写史记，记载汉高祖听到韩信被吕后杀
后的心情是：“且喜且哀之”，这话道出了多少背后的故事，自己不忍杀戮功臣，而自
己的妻子却刚毅果敢地了解自己心中的疙瘩，自然不免思潮起伏，感慨万千。
吕后这招确实收到了杀鸡做猴的作用，朝中大臣看到她连韩信这样的人都敢杀，不
免都对她畏惧几分。
淮南王黥布反叛的消息传到长安时，汉高祖正在病中，原本是要派遣太子刘盈率兵
讨代，却硬是被吕后一把鼻涕，一把眼泪地逼上了战场，说什么“黥布是天下猛将，很
不容易对付，太子去岂不是羊入虎口ｘ诸将又多是太子的叔伯辈，只怕难以心甘情愿
地俯首听命。”说来说去还是心痛亲生儿子，不顾丈夫的死活。
刘邦扶病出征，虽然很快就平定了叛乱，但也不幸身中流矢，伤口溃烂，拖了三个
月而驾崩，只活了六十三岁，据载刘邦重病时，吕后曾试探过政权的继承问题，问病中
的刘邦，萧何之后谁为宰相，刘邦告诉她用曾参，她又问曹参之后又谁为宰相，刘邦告
诉她，用周勃、陈平，吕后还要问时，刘邦不耐烦地说。那已不关你什么事了。刘邦死
前特地杀白马为盟，遍告天下，非刘氏不能封王。看来刘邦对吕后也有所防备，不知是
不是巧合，就在陈平、周勃为相时，合力结束了吕后的统治，看来雄才大略的人就是与
众不同。
太子刘盈即位，还只十七岁，天性仁慈柔弱，一切权炳都操在吕后手中，吕后恨透
了戚姬与赵王如意，于是一幕惊心动魄的大血案迅速在宫中展开，首先幽禁了戚姬，再
遣使把赵王如意从邯郸召进京内，纵然刘盈极力袒护这个异母弟弟，结果仍是被吕后毒
杀。对于眼中钉，肉中刺的戚姬，吕后砍掉她的手足，挖眼烧耳，灌上哑药，丢进厕所
里，让她辗转哀号，称为“人彘”，惨不忍睹。吕后还特地要她的儿子皇帝去看，刘盈
得知“人彘”就是威姬时，大惊失色，泪流满面，喃喃说道：“太残忍啦！那里是人做
的事，太后如此，我还凭什么治理天下！”他受不住惊吓，从此大病经年，天天借酒浇
愁，不理朝政。
吕后一方面用血淋淋的手段对付刘氏子孙，一方面使吕氏昆仲位居要津，还用笑盈
盈的方法拉拢皇亲国戚，梦想一步一步篡夺刘家天下。
吕后的亲生儿子刘盈尸位素餐，病病歪歪地当了七年傀儡皇帝便死去了，后宫美人
所生的儿子刘恭继位为少帝，因童稚口无遮拦，触犯了吕后的忌讳，四年后被幽杀，另
立刘弘为帝。又过了四年，吕后病笃，仍然不肯放弃权柄。但这时刘家子孙和一班元老
重臣已容不得她放肆，朱虚侯刘璋和周勃、陈平等先发致人，发动兵变，这是吕后不曾
料到的结果，她的兄弟，侄子吕禄、日产等人手握重兵，都不堪一击，吕后在惊吓中死
去。
吕后是个刚毅阴狠，不甘雌伏的角色，高祖死后，她独立掌政十五年，是个厉害角
色，虽然满手血腥，但是她也有一些为人称道的政绩，先是辅助高祖画谋定策，争夺天
下，后来又减轻百姓负担，导正社会风气，废除许多繁苛的法令，尤以废除“三族罪”
(父母、妻子、兄弟)和“妖言令”(至唐时析解为造妖书妖言罪、传用妖言妖书罪（传即
传播，用即引用）及私有妖书妖言罪)为百姓所称道。史记和汉书都称赞她：“高后女主，
制政不出闺阁，而天下晏然，刑法罕用，罪人是希，民务稼穑，衣食滋殖。”
吕后最大的缺点是嫉妒心太重，私心太重，手段过于残酷，竟然想以吕氏来代替刘
氏干辛万苦得来的江山，终至败亡，吕后死后，薄姬的儿子代王刘恒被迎立为帝，即历
史上有名的汉文帝，从此历史上有了“文景之治”的盛世。
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( 3 / 8601 )Multi-Touch Interaction Research © 2006, Jeff Han Bi-manual, multi-point, and multi-user interactions on a graphical interaction surface. While touch sensing is commonplace for single points of contact, multi-touch sensing enables a user to interact with a system with more than one finger at a time, as in chording and bi-manual operations. Such sensing devices are inherently also able to accommodate multiple users simultaneously, which is especially useful for larger interaction scenarios such as interactive walls and tabletops. Since refining the FTIR (frustrated total internal reflection) sensing technique, we've been experimenting with a wide variety of application scenarios and interaction modalities that utilize multi-touch input information. These go far beyond the "poking" actions you get with a typical touchscreen, or the gross gesturing found in video-based interactive interfaces. It is a rich area for research, and we are extremely excited by its potential for advances in efficiency, usability, and intuitiveness. It's also just so much fun! Our technique is force-sensitive, and provides unprecedented resolution and scalability, allowing us to create sophisticated multi-point widgets for applications large enough to accommodate both hands and multiple users. The drafting table style implementation shown here measures 36"x27", is rear-projected, and has a sensing resolution of better than 0.1" at 50Hz. Stroke event information is sent to applications using the lightweight OSC protocol over UDP. Up Next: We'll be working with other, more interesting form factors (both larger and smaller). Wouldn't it also be nice to identify which finger (e.g. thumb, index, etc.) is associated with each contact?
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( 3 / 9489 )Some thing is funny in this video. 他们竟然告诉你你的脖子应该保持多少度去吃sushi.
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( 3 / 7711 )林觉民的《与妻书》与当代歌坛
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童安格--台湾流行金曲榜冠军曲的 “诀别” 专辑 真爱是谁 (1990)
这首歌的创意来自林觉民那篇《与妻书》，有人说《与妻书》是中国最好的一篇情书，且不管此语是否夸大，但《与妻书》毋庸置疑是一篇千古绝唱。
这首歌是以林觉民的视角写的，相当忠实地再现了烈士当时的内心活动，并具有音乐特有的感染力。这首歌之所以如此动人，当然与其背景有关，林觉民的信，不仅 是一个革命者的遗书，更有一种超越具体事件本身、超越时代限制的人性的光芒，在林觉民的时代，他所从事的革命就是推翻落后的旧制度，他的理想就是建立民主 的新制度，在这场革命中，人的解放，人性的解放是重要的目标，而从林觉民的遗书中可以看到，他是多么热情地执着地投入到这场革命中，而他本身又在身体力行 地实践他的理想，在他的信中表达出来的对妻子的浓情爱意中，我们看到的是一种平等、真诚的爱情，这在如今也许不算什么，但是在那个封建的旧时代，这却是另 类和反叛。另一方面，他最终战胜死亡的恐惧和对爱情的着恋，为了理想英勇赴死，这是一种英雄的人格，不管时隔多久，都会激荡在人们心中。
歌词
诀别
词：童安格、刘虞瑞 曲：童安格
夜冷清 独饮千言万语 难舍弃 思国心情 灯欲尽 独锁千愁万绪 言难启 诀别吾妻 烽火泪 滴尽相思意 情缘魂梦相系 方寸心 只愿天下情侣 不再有泪如你 烽火泪 滴尽相思意 情缘魂梦相系 方寸心 只愿天下情侣 不再有泪如你 （口白） 意映卿卿如唔：吾今以此书与当汝永别 矣,吾作此书泪珠和笔墨齐下，不能竟书而欲搁笔...
李建复 --意映卿卿 专辑 蔡琴李建复联合专辑 民谣运动代表人物李建复的《意映卿卿》。这首歌是以林觉民的角度为出发点。李建复在开始念了《与妻书》开篇的几句，"曾经我的笔沾满你的情/我的肩却负担四万万个情/钟情如我/又怎能抵住此情……曾经我的眼充满你的泪/然而/我的心已许下四万万个愿/率性如我/又怎能抛下此愿" ,就好听哦。这首歌被这个男人唱 得伤到骨子。我一直认为台湾歌坛最出色的就是他们的人文气质，只可惜现在丢得也差不多了。周杰伦唱个颠三倒四的《东风破》就被那么多人叫好，李建复们真是 要哭死。 来自李建复的《重逢》专辑，来自河北音像出版社引进的一套"文艺民歌时代"，这套专辑值得隆重推荐，每一张专辑的封面都是素淡黄衬上一张铅笔素描的面孔，笔触中完全看得到时代的划痕，以及对成长岁月的感恩。 歌词 词：[许乃胜] 作曲 [苏来] 意映卿卿 再一次呼唤你的名 今夜 我的笔沾满你的情 然而 我的肩却负担四万万个情 钟情如我 又怎能抵住此情万万千千 意映卿卿 再一次呼唤你的名 曾经 我的眼充满你的泪 然而 我的心已许下四万万个愿 率性如我 又怎能抛下此愿青云贯天 梦里遥望 低低切切 千百年后的三月 我也无悔 我也无怨
齐豫的--《觉》专辑 骆驼飞鸟鱼 (1997)
齐豫的《觉》则是从陈意映的角度出发。爱不在开始，却只能停在开始。把缱绻了一时，当作被爱了一世，你的不得不舍和遗弃都是守真情的坚持，我留守着数不完 的夜和载沉载浮的凌迟。谁给你选择的权利让你就这样的离去，谁把我无止境的付出都化成纸上的，一个名字。一个女人锥心的刺痛被齐豫唱得少了几分刑场上的婚 礼般的悲壮多了几分生离死别的烟火气。林家的祖屋后来被一个叫谢銮恩的人买下，他的孙女就叫谢婉莹。而林徽因作为林觉民的侄女也曾在此居住。所以这屋是价 值非凡了。
歌词
觉（遥寄林觉民）
齐豫
觉
当我看见你的信
我竟然相信
刹那即永恒
再多的难舍和舍得
有时候不得不舍
觉
当我回首我的梦
我不得不相信
刹那即永恒
再难的追寻和遗弃
有时候不得不弃
爱不在开始
却只能停在开始
把缱绻了一时
当作被爱了一世
你的不得不舍和遗弃都是守真情的坚持
我留守着数不完的夜和载沉载浮的凌迟
谁给你选择的权利 让你就这样的离去
谁把我无止境的付出都化成纸上的
一个名字
如今
当我寂寞那么真
我还是得相信
刹那能永恒
再苦的甜蜜和道理
有时候不得不理
林觉民（1887年-1911年），福建省福州市人。字意洞，号抖飞，又号天外生。辛亥革命黄花岗烈士之一，为黄花福州十杰之一。
- 1902年考入福州全闽大学堂文科;
- 1907年毕业，考入日本庆应义塾大学文科攻读哲学；后参加同盟会；
- 1911年，参加同盟会广州起义，受伤被捕，从容就义。遗体后被安葬在广州黄花岗，为黄花岗七十二烈士之一。他在参加起义之前，给新婚妻子留下一封著名的《与妻书》，被选入中国高中语文课本。
- 林觉民的故居位于福州南后街杨桥路口，现为福州市辛亥革命纪念馆。
- 林觉民为林徽因的堂叔
- 林觉民牺牲的时候只有24岁，长得也是一表人才。可惜为国捐躯，走得太早。林觉民留下一个遗腹子。陈意映几年之后郁郁而终，而这个遗腹子后来如何，却没有太多记载了。
附：林觉民背景资料及《与妻书》创作背景（文：感天动地《与妻书》）
林觉民（1887-1911），字意洞，号抖飞，福建侯官（今福建福州）人。1900年入福建高等学堂，开始接受民主革命思想，推崇自 由平等。1905年与陈意映结婚。1906年自费去日本留学，专攻日语。翌年补为官费生，入庆应大学文科，攻读哲学，兼习英、德文。此间积极从事革命活 动，并加入同盟会。1911年春，得知黄兴、赵声等在香港建立统筹部，筹划广州起义，遂赴香港，后回福建召集革命志士。4月27日，与陈更新等率福建志士 进入广州。下午5时30分，随黄兴勇猛攻入总督衙门，纵火焚烧督署。冲出督署后，转攻督练所，途中与清巡防营大队人马相遇，展开激烈巷战，受伤力尽被俘。 清两广总督张鸣歧、水师提督李准亲自在提督衙门内审讯，他毫无惧色，在大堂上侃侃而谈，综论世界大势和各国时事，宣传革命道理。又在堂上发表演说，谈到时 局险恶的地方，捶胸顿足，愤激之情，不可扼抑。最后奉劝清吏洗心革面，献身为国，革除暴政，建立共和。被关押几天，滴水米粒不进，泰然自若地迈进刑场，从 容就义，年仅24岁。为黄花岗七十二烈士之一。 十多年前，在高中课堂上学习林觉民《与妻书》时，虽然自己尚是不谙世事风情、懵懂初开 的少年，不能完全读懂其中的缱绻与决绝、矛盾与苦痛，但那种感动却是源自心底，有着撕心裂肺般的痛楚、悲怆。十多年来，这篇文章一直深深铭记在我的心头， 和韩愈的《祭十二郎文》、袁枚的《祭妹文》一起被我视为最至情至性、令人柔肠百折的“悲”文，每有触及，便不胜感慨，悲从心起，为作者悲，为他心爱的妻子 悲，为他们忠贞爱情所遭遇的不幸与无奈悲。今年4 月27日是广州起义九十年纪念日，在这个日子，我不禁又想起黄花岗七十二烈士，想起林觉民和他的《与妻书》。 尽管林觉民和妻子陈意映 是奉父命结婚，先结婚后恋爱，但两人感情非常深厚，《与妻书》便是最好的证明。林觉民在广州英勇就义后，消息传到家中，陈意映悲痛欲绝，曾萌生自杀念头， 欲跟随林觉民而去。后经林觉民双亲跪下求她念在孩子尚年幼，需要母亲照料，她才放弃自杀念头。但过了一年多，终因思念林觉民过度，终日郁郁寡欢而病死，在 他们令人断肠的故事中又添了一份辛酸。 《与妻书》是林觉民在1911年广州起义的前三天4 月24日晚写给陈意映的。当时，他从广州来到香港，迎接从日本归来参加起义的同志，住在临江边的一幢小楼上。夜阑人静时，想到即将到来的残酷而轰轰烈烈、 生死难卜的起义以及自己的龙钟老父、弱妻稚子，他思绪翻涌，不能自已，彻夜疾书，分别写下了给父亲和妻子的诀别书，天亮后交给一位朋友，说：“我死，幸为 转达。”写《与妻书》时，林觉民满怀悲壮，已下定慷慨赴死的决心，义无返顾，在信的第一句，他就毅然决然地告诉妻子“吾今以此书与汝永别矣！吾作此书时， 尚是世中一人，汝看此书时，吾已成为阴间一鬼。”写信时，他“泪珠与笔墨齐下，不能竟书而欲搁笔”，心中滋味无以言表。为“助天下人爱其所爱”、“为天下 人谋永福”，他置生死于度外，抛却与爱妻的儿女情长而“勇于就死”，大义凛然、无所畏惧地积极投身到推翻清政府黑暗腐朽统治的武装起义中。 在那样一个即将面对生死诀别的时刻，林觉民在写给爱妻的诀别书中，不可能再说什么甜言蜜语，也不可能抒发什么豪言壮语，整封书信从头至尾娓娓倾诉的就是 他“以天下人为念”、不惜抛却儿女情长、置生死于度外、舍身参加革命的坚决与执著，以及他对爱妻的留恋与不舍。眼看就要踏上凶险之路，和自己的亲人永别， 再坚强的人也难免心碎肠折。林觉民也同样是肉身凡胎，有着七情六欲、儿女情长，面对即将到来的生离死别、与爱妻娇子的永别，任他铁石心肠，也不可能不伤 悲，不泪涌双眼？但他毕竟是胸怀大志、“以天下人为念”的革命者，面对生离死别虽然伤悲，却悲而不戚、悲而不哀，没有“小男小女”们那般悲悲切切、哭哭啼 啼，而是满怀悲壮、大义凛然，表现了一个革命者以天下为己任，追求正义与真理，舍身取义的高尚情操和宽广胸怀，令人肃然起敬。 《与妻 书》惟其感人，就在于它情真意切，字字泣血，到处都是浓得化不开的真情，缠绵悱恻而又充满激情，充满凛然正气，为国捐躯的激情与对爱妻的深情两相交融、相 互辉映，叫人断肠落泪，而又撼人魂魄、令人感奋。虽然已时隔九十年，但文章的魅力依然，作者对爱妻的那份真情、那种“以天下人为念”、舍生取义的革命者的 气度风范，依然令人动容，而且将流芳百世、名垂千古。
附：
《与妻书》——林觉民
意映卿卿如晤：
吾今以此书与汝永别矣！吾作此书时，尚为世中一人；汝看此书时，吾已成为阴间一鬼。吾作此书，泪珠和笔墨齐下，不能书竟，而欲搁笔。又恐汝不察吾衷，谓吾忍舍汝而死，谓吾不知汝之不欲吾死也，故遂忍悲为汝言之。
吾至爱汝！即此爱汝一念，使吾勇于就死也！吾自遇汝以来，常愿天下有情人都成眷属，然遍地腥云，满街狼犬，称心快意，几家能够？司马青衫，吾不能学太上之 忘情也。语云，仁者“老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼”。吾充吾爱汝之心，助天下人爱其所爱，所以敢先汝而死，不顾汝也。汝体吾此心，于悲啼之余，亦 以天下人为念，当亦乐牺牲吾身与汝身之福利，为天下人谋永福也。汝其勿悲。
汝忆否四五年前某夕，吾尝语曰：“与使吾先死也，无宁汝先吾而死。”汝初闻言而怒，后经吾婉解，虽不谓吾言为是，而亦无辞相答。吾之意盖谓以汝之弱，必不能禁失吾之悲，吾先死留苦与汝，吾心不忍，故宁请汝先死，吾担悲也。嗟夫，谁知吾卒先汝而死乎！
吾真不能忘汝也！回忆后街之屋，入门穿廊，过前后厅，又三四折有小厅，厅旁一室为吾与汝双棲之所。初婚三四个月，适冬之望日前后，窗外疏梅筛月影，依稀掩 映，吾与汝並肩携手，低低切切，何事不语，何情不诉！及今思之，空余泪痕！又回忆六七年前，吾之逃家复归也，汝泣告我：“望今后有远行，必以告妾，妾愿随 君行。”吾亦既许汝矣。前十余日回家，即欲乘便以此行之事语汝，及与汝相对，又不能启口；且以汝之有身也，更恐不胜悲，故惟日日呼酒买醉。嗟夫！当时余心 之悲，盖不能以寸管形容之。
吾诚愿与汝相守以死。第以今日事势观之，天灾可以死，盗贼可以死，瓜分之日可以死，奸官污吏虐民可以死，吾辈处今日之中国，国中无地无时不可以死！到那时 使吾眼睁睁看汝死，或使汝眼睁睁看我死，吾能之乎！抑汝能之乎！即可不死，而离散不相见，徒使两地眼成穿而骨化石，试问古来几曾见破镜能重圆，则较死为苦 也。将奈之何？今日吾与汝幸双健；天下人人不当死而死，与不愿离而离者，不可数计；钟情如我辈者，能忍之乎？此吾所以敢率性就死不顾汝也！吾今死无余憾， 国事成不成，自有同志者在。依新已五岁，转眼成人，汝其善抚之，使之肖我。汝腹中之物，吾疑其女也，女必像汝，吾心甚慰；或又是男，则亦教其以父志为志， 则我死后，尚有二意洞在也，甚幸甚幸！
吾家后日当甚贫，贫无所苦，清静过日而已。
吾今与汝无言矣！吾居九泉之下，遥闻汝哭声，当哭相和也。吾平日不信有鬼，今则又望其真有。今人又言心电感应有道，吾亦望其言是实，则吾之死，吾灵尚依依旁汝也，汝不必以无侣悲！
吾生平未尝以吾所志语汝，是吾不是处。然语之，又恐汝日日为吾担忧。吾牺牲百死而不辞，而使汝担忧，的的非吾所忍。吾爱汝至，所以为汝谋者惟恐未尽。汝幸 而偶我，又何不幸而生今日之中国！吾幸而得汝，又何不幸而生今日之中国，卒不忍独善其身！嗟夫！巾短情长，所未尽者尚有万千，汝可摹拟得之。吾今不能见汝 矣！汝不能舍吾，其时时于梦中寻我乎！一恸！
辛亥三月念六夜四鼓，意洞手书。
家中诸母皆通文，有不解处，望请其指教。当尽吾意为幸！
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